Turkey’s defense industry has rapidly transformed into a global powerhouse, marked by record-breaking export growth, latest military technology, and expanding international partnerships. As Turkey solidifies its position among the top…
Iran’s regional defense policies are a complex amalgam of ideological imperatives, strategic doctrines, and pragmatic responses to evolving geopolitical threats. Rooted deeply in the Islamic Revolution’s principles and the imperative…
In an era of cyber threats, hybrid wars, and shifting alliances, Russia’s military doctrine stands out as a powerful strategic playbook. For emerging nations, it offers critical insights into how…
Signed in 1960 through World Bank mediation, the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) between India and Pakistan was once hailed as a landmark in environmental diplomacy. It divided the six rivers…
South Asia, a region of over 1.8 billion people, is becoming a critical theater for geopolitical competition, especially between China and India. As China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and…
The Kashmir conflict remains one of the world’s most intractable disputes, pitting India and Pakistan against each other for over seven decades. Rooted in the partition of British India in…
Youm-e-Takbeer, celebrated annually on May 28, marks one of the most momentous days in Pakistan’s history. It commemorates the successful nuclear tests conducted by Pakistan in 1998, a pivotal event…
BackgroundNuclear deterrence is the strategy of preventing conflict by threatening devastating nuclear retaliation. In South Asia, this concept is crucial because India and Pakistan, two neighboring countries with a history…
India and Pakistan share a long history of conflict and rivalry, making their military strength a key issue for South Asian security. Both countries have large armies and nuclear weapons,…
The Indian military initiated a series of missile strikes on sites across Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir early Wednesday, an operation it has named Operation Sindoor. In response, the Pakistani military…
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